Something a bit more formal

The purpose of this document is to informally examine the background state of the art as it relates to
the Dioctipoid’s design.  Please find below a list of various patents, some of which are citations from
the searches carried out by the various authorities on “Dioctipoid“ submissions and so are obviously
personally relevant.

The images herein have been reproduced from the various patent publications around the world and
only used as the best way of illustrating their author’s contribution to the field.

While every effort has been made to be accurate in the compilation of this document, your author
will be the first to admit that this list will contain mistakes either in content or chronology. Moreover,
there will undoubtedly be significant contributions to the state of the art which have been missed.
This being the case, please feel free to contribute or correct where appropriate.

                                                                                           Best regards,    
        
                                                                                                      Gary Spencer-Purvis

                                                                                                                       Jan 2012

Bear with me on this below, still work in progress, descriptions missing.....
Designersaurus Rex Ltd.
             
  GB0916082.2 2007 March  Spencer-Purvis, G  
   
  Spencer, Purvis, GB916082, Dioctipoid, 2007
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Virtual 4-axis design around a real, spherical central element.  
  Truly polymorphic mechanism, all exterior elements are free to exchange positions.  
  Tongue & grooves evident.  
  Reference figure 17, commercially available as  “Dioctipoid 1.0 & 2.0”, 3 off recurring shapes defined.  
  Reference figure 02, may eventually become commercially available , 5 off recurring shapes defined.  
             
             
  Translating tile toy…? 1874 Chapman, NP  
  Chapman, 1874
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Example of  translating tile toy or “15 Puzzle” remembered from the 1970’s (Your author’s own childhood). Image courtesy of “wikipedia”.  
             
             
  US 3655201 1970 March 04 Nichols, Larry  
  US3655201, 1970, Nichols, Larry
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Earliest configuration of polymorphic 3-Dimensional combination puzzle found by the author.  
  Mechanism defined via use of magnets, 1 recurring shape.  
             
             
  GB1344259 1970 April 9 Fox, Frank  
  GB1344259, Fox, Frank
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Earliest configuration of 3-Dimensional combination puzzle incorporating tongue & groove features found by the author.  
  Orthogonal design, 3-axis design around an imaginary central element.  
  Typical elements ref item 3 is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  3 Off recurring shapes defined.  
             
             
  HU170062/BE887875 1977 March Rubik, Ermo  
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central “Spider” Mechanism, exterior elements pulled towards the centre using a spindle arrangement.  
  Orthogonal design, 3 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
  3 Off recurring shapes defined.  
  The mechanism for the 2x2 configuration is unclear to the author  
             
             
  DE 3127757 1983 Febuary Kobbert, Max J.  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central sphere defines a “Spider” mechanism defining pivots of rotation, exterior elements pulled inwards towards the centre.  
  Typical element ref item Z is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  Tetrahedral design, 4 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
  2 recurring shapes defined.   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central sphere defines a “Spider” mechanism defining pivots of rotation, exterior elements pulled inwards towards the centre.  
  Tongue and groove elements evident.  
  Typical element ref item Z is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  6 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
  2 recurring shapes defined.   
             
             
  WO 8301203 1983 April Torres, Noel M.  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Orthogonal design, 3-axis design around an imaginary central element.  
  Typical elements ref item 26 is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  3 Off recurring shapes defined.  
             
             
  US 4,522,401 1985 June Gustafson, William O  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Configuration of interlocking exterior elements around a spherical central element.  
  Tongue and groove elements evident.   
  The positions of typical elements ref item E, K etc are fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
             
             
  US 4,856,786 1989 August Gyovai, Geza  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 4,865,323 1989 September Heusinkveld, Paul  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  WO 91/03293 1989 September Mach  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  DE 19849279 1989 October Mack, Alexander  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central “Spider” Mechanism, exterior elements pulled towards the centre.  
  Tongue and groove elements evident.  
  Typical apex element ref item 8, and opposing element item 9 is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  Tetrahedral design, 4 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
  7 recurring shapes defined.   
             
             
  US 4,889,340 1989 December Green, Wilton R.  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Translating tiles free to migrate around the device in defined paths.  
  Mechanism can be described as a “curtain track” selectively allowing a single degree of freedom to the rotating elements   
                                                                     which are allowed to form groups and migrate along 3 orthogonal trajectories.  
   
   
             
             
  FR 265559 1989 December Ky, Thierry  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central “Spider” Mechanism, exterior elements pulled towards the centre using a spindle arrangement.  
  Typical element ref item 1is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  Geometry defined as 6 equal-angle half-axes to define rotations, face turning design.  
  2 recurring shapes defined. 12 off  rotating item 1 & 20 off interstitial item 5.  
             
             
  GB 2269760 1993 August Meffert, Uwe  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central “Spider” Mechanism, exterior elements pulled towards the centre using a spindle arrangement.  
  Typical elements ref items 202/4/6/8 are fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  Tetrahedral design, 4 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
  2 recurring shapes defined.   
             
             
  RU 2056888 1994 November Sidunov, Aleksandr  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Configuration of interlocking exterior elements around an imaginary central elements.  
  Virtual 6-axis design around a imaginary central element.  
  .True polymorphic configuration implied by the design (No mechanism defined in the patent figures).   
  Geometry defined as 6 equal-angle axes to define rotations.  
  2 recurring shapes defined.   
             
             
  EP 0738526 1995 April Cabrera, Dario  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central “Spider” Mechanism, exterior elements pulled towards the centre using a spindle arrangement.  
  Orthogonal design, 3 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
   
             
             
  US 5836584 1997 July Chen, Tsun Ding  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  WO 00/72929 1999 May  Spykerman, Marco  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 5566941 1999 July Destics  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  GB  2345863/US 6769690 1999 November Khoudary  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 6,244,597 2001 June Matijek, Josip  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Configuration of interlocking exterior elements created by means of tongues and grooves.  
  Virtual tetrahedral 4-half axis design around a imaginary central element.  
  .True polymorphic configuration implied by the design,   
  2 recurring shapes defined (8 off, 12 off).  
             
             
  WO 2003/004117 2003 January Seyhan, Yusuf  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Central “Spider” Mechanism, exterior elements pulled towards the centre.  
  Tongue and groove elements evident.  
  Typical element ref item 21b is fixed in relation to the global reference frame of the device, not polymorphic.  
  Tetrahedral design, 4 half-axes at equal-angles to define rotations.  
             
             
  WO 2004/110575 2003 June Ozer, Mehmet  
   
  Note : Your author has an obvious personal interest in this design due to the issues of novelty and anticipation in            
               relation to “Dioctipoid” referenced above.  
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Virtual 4-axis design around an imaginary centre.  
  Truly polymorphic mechanism, all exterior elements are free to exchange positions.  
  Tongue & grooves evident.  
  2 off recurring shapes defined, the third is imagined.  
   
   
             
             
   
  US2005/0006842 2003 July Pitcher, David E  
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  4 axis spider arrangement defining pivots for the apex elements at the poles ref figure 3.  
  Concentric shell design,  the exterior elements are held towards the centre  by latching under the  apex element   
                                                                                 and reacting against the planes formed by the other exterior elements.  
  Realised commercially as an “Face Turning Octahedron or FTO“                 …realised commercially as a “Rex Cube”…  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 6,652,347 2003 November Stevkovski, Saso  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US2005/29770 2005 June  Mak, Chi Yin  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 2005/0230908 2005 October Perez Cabeza et al.  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Further development of orthogonal, 3 axis concept. In configuration this can be described as two puzzles   
  superimposed. Imagine a 2x2 cube mechanism (as disclosed by Nichols) realised as a sphere. Embedded in each of the faces  
  at 90 degrees are 4 off quarter circular elements free to effectively rotate as discs. Either action can be operated  
  independently of the other.  
  Can be described as a “concentric shell” mechanism. A tetrahedral spider is used to define a base mechanism.  
  Truly polymorphic design, all exterior elements are free to exchange positions.  
  Tongue and groove elements evident.  
  Possibly realised commercially as “Marosenko’s Ball”.
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 6,994,343 2006 Febuary Blazek et al.  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Apologies on this one, unable to visualise the invention as described .  
   
   
             
             
  US 2009/0058001 2009 March Cantner, Christopher Paul  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
             
             
  US 7,547,019 2009 June Chen, Ying-Jen